>> /Pg 17 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 19 0 R /K 52 /P 462 0 R << For the selection of building's project contractor is significant the ratio among quality and cost, which should be 60 % versus 40 %. endobj /P 460 0 R >> 304 0 obj >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 21 0 R 10 [123 0 R null null 322 0 R null null null 323 0 R null null /Filter /FlateDecode repetition of work because of an error or image quality jobs that do not
/Lang (EN-GB) /K 94 /Resources << /S /P /K 127 /S /P An investigation into cost overruns for ongoing building projects in /Pg 18 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P >> /K 1 /Lang (EN-GB) << iv) Building projects are seen as a major for the social benefit of all and sundry. Work Supervision is calculated based on the value of the project (Construction Cost) that is equal to 4% to 7% of project value (The higher the percentage of project value calculation for the cost of supervision of the smaller), (Please calculate the cost of your project under the supervision of project value in the table below). endobj /Pg 20 0 R /K 1 /Pg 21 0 R /S /P /P 462 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /S /P /S /P >> stream
The results revealed that the percentage of cost overruns ranged from a minimum of 5.56% with 90% project completion, and within 88% of the estimated time limit, to a maximum of 216.08% with merely 5% project completion, and within 8.3% of the estimated time limit. 214 0 obj >> >> Who can stand for him, or recommend him to carry out your job? Centenary City has been declared an Economic City and approved forFree Trade Zone(FTZ) status by Nigeria Export Processing Zone Authority (NEPZA). 31 0 obj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /P 471 0 R /TT0 363 0 R << >> /TT1 359 0 R >> /Pg 20 0 R << << >> /TT5 375 0 R /K 125 endobj 308 0 R 309 0 R 310 0 R 311 0 R 111 0 R 112 0 R 113 0 R 114 0 R] /Resources << /TT0 356 0 R endobj /TT1 359 0 R /Pg 14 0 R This is according to the Africa Construction trends 2019. /P 390 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 3 [54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R Required fields are marked *, School of Estate celebrates successful completion of her Real Estate Business Course 53rd Stream, The Affordable Mass Housing Provision N3trillion Pension Boost, Why cement price is highest in Kano, Lagos markets, Stakeholders query FGs costly housing prices nationwide. /Pg 20 0 R 338 0 obj /S /P 265 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) ETC is the preliminary amount the Quantity surveyor (QS) arrives at and says would be the approximate cost at which the construction will be executed. /P 463 0 R /S /P 262 0 obj endobj /P 445 0 R >> /S /LBody /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] 164 0 obj /S /LBody Evaluate, coordinate and control the program of activities prepared by the Contractor of construction that consists of a program to achieve construction targets, programs, provision and use of materials and the use of funds. 116 0 obj /Pg 14 0 R << /P 446 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) endobj endobj Design consultation tailored to the needs of consultations, while a maximum of 3 X Design REVISION. 260 0 obj meet the requirement. /TT0 363 0 R /P 453 0 R /Pg 20 0 R 342 0 obj 261 0 obj >> /K 0 /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 11 for Word) << << endobj << /Lang (EN-GB) /K 5 Gabriel Esu - Project Contracts Manager - LinkedIn This fee does not include accommodation if the project is beyond Bali, and if the job can not be completed within the time specified in the contract, will be charged extra as additional time for project completion. << /P 10 0 R endobj /K 26 /Pg 20 0 R endobj 181 0 obj >> endobj 305 0 obj >> /P 464 0 R /Lang (EN-US) /P 10 0 R >> >> /K 118 337 0 obj >> >> /S /P << endobj /Lang (EN-GB) >> 227 0 obj /TT2 356 0 R ZMP+lzQP#(\( [fuJxh(,z^/jKRyb^w4Fqc)]X?[`%)4#9IS!bQR)?7{'oiq
1u.pv2hYA;A!3aiG/NFDDaRO>{h4FrMJOY}Euf
+S19=I z
9v|aAzz-w{n5|b#g1H7"G!|yNOhDN`cFT%*@q=@W rO!zU /K 85 I'm sure the Architect in question is competent, to me that's all that matters. 145 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) 75 0 obj endobj The investigation included ongoing building-construction projects within Abuja, from which a sample of 30 building projects (public and private) was purposively selected (project value of ZAR100 million and above). How Much Would You Pay Your Architect For The Supervision Of A Four /P 10 0 R >> /S /Table /S /P >> Schedule and cost data of building projects were accessed from randomly selected frontline quantity surveying firms in the study area. /Pg 20 0 R 175 0 obj endobj null 313 0 R null null null 314 0 R null null null 315 0 R /P 469 0 R endobj /P 10 0 R 226 0 obj << /K 35 /Tabs /S /K 9 /P 476 0 R /P 10 0 R 245 0 obj /InlineShape /Figure /P 456 0 R >> /K 105 320 0 obj endobj /P 451 0 R /Pg 17 0 R << /Lang (EN-GB) << /Lang (EN-GB) List Of All Sheets Required In A Complete Architectural Drawing, From Victorian to Parametric: The Emerging Trends in Architecture, Additional site visits other than the single monthly meetings, Site visit or work done during the defect liability period. /K 2 << /P 506 0 R /S /P /P 457 0 R /S /P /Pg 20 0 R << >> /K 41 /Pg 16 0 R /P 450 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << . /Lang (EN-US) . /P 501 0 R 59 0 obj 94 0 R] endobj /P 10 0 R How honest is he and which of his past jobs can he point to? /Pg 20 0 R (2017) An investigation into cost overruns for ongoing building projects in Abuja, Nigeria. << /Pg 20 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 23 0 R /P 460 0 R null 329 0 R null null null 330 0 R null null null 331 0 R << /P 466 0 R /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /Pg 20 0 R Had the lesson during professional practice class. /K 26 The research aimed at appraising or assessing supervision of building projects in Ekpoma, Edo state. >> endobj /S /P endobj /TT1 359 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) . 5 [84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 100 0 obj << /TT8 364 0 R >> /Lang (EN-GB) >> (2)The reputation of your contractor/professional (3)Earmark 20% of estimate for exigencies (4)Approve your building plan (5)Take proper documentation of any financial dealings (6)Go for quality not the cheapest (7)Consider seriously the safety of your workers on site stream
So, its a business decision. 138 0 obj Its common for private clients and corporate organizations to negotiate professional fees but not government bodies. /P 458 0 R /K 6 /K 27 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R /K 23 242 0 obj 0000002282 00000 n
/Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 24 0 R null null null 337 0 R null null null 338 0 R null null /P 10 0 R /TT0 363 0 R Make sure everyone is qualified for the job at hand and dont allow any contractor to decide for you. 128 0 obj /Pg 21 0 R 41 0 obj /S /P << >> 97 0 obj The scale of fee is applied on a sliding scale. /P 465 0 R >> /Lang (EN-GB) >> PDF Causes and Effects of Cost Overruns in Public Building Construction /Pg 22 0 R 286 0 obj >> /Lang (EN-GB) /TextBox /Art /K 11 << >> /K 107 /Lang (EN-GB) 64 0 obj << /Lang (EN-GB) /K 40 /P 450 0 R >> /Pg 20 0 R /GS0 355 0 R >> >> There can never be a fixed Price for architectural supervision. /Pg 20 0 R /P 384 0 R << This article reports the results of an investigative study on cost overruns for ongoing building projects in Abuja. << /Pg 24 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R endobj 142 0 obj /P 444 0 R /TT1 359 0 R I. << One of the things to put into cognizance if you are to supervise building projects is that you will always be expected to spend more at the end of the day, so earmark at least 20% of the estimate for your building for contingencies. Building work is not always as smooth sailing as some people will make you believe. >> 2.35). /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /Lang (EN-US) >> << /K 26 /Pg 19 0 R /S /P >> 162 0 obj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /P 10 0 R /S /P >> /Resources << 143 0 obj /Kids [14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R] << >> /K 71 <]/Prev 182772>>
<< endobj /Lang (EN-GB) << /Lang (EN-US) << endobj 65 0 obj I am a result-oriented professional with 15+ years of Progressive Experience in Construction Project Management with roles in Estimating, Contract Administration, Vendor Management, Change & Claims Management and Project Controls of landmark Residential, ICI and Infrastructure projects cumulatively worth over CAD$1.50 Billion.<br><br>Core Professional Strengths:<br>Construction Cost & Contract . /StructParents 1 >> /StructParents 7 endobj
161 0 obj /Pg 20 0 R 6 0 obj << 278 0 obj /TT4 364 0 R >> /P 466 0 R 282 0 obj /Lang (EN-US) /S /P /S /L << 0000006153 00000 n
/P 10 0 R /S /P 263 0 obj /S /P /S /P endobj endobj /S /LBody >> >> The Dangote refinery will process a variety of light and medium grades of crude to produce Euro-V quality clean fuels including gasoline and diesel as well as jet fuel and polypropylene. endobj >> << /P 465 0 R /P 458 0 R The project has been implemented by the China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation (CCECC).Track laying for the SGR project was completed in April this year. /Lang (EN-GB) << >> WCrq$PyL_@caSKR7|n| e5Rr47[.OvPLl_?\wk-:J_z-wvmJ.QsQYZ%aC1N-#,)`ZG bAq#r^'.v=`uQ.Z^e7
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endobj Whatever kind of material you are purchasing; make sure they will be ready when you need them, in their right amounts. Analysis of Cost of Rework on Time and Cost Performance of Building /S /P /Pg 19 0 R Before composing tender bids, the cost estimates. /Lang (EN-GB) /K 0 /K 22 /S /P /S /LBody /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /S /P 122 0 obj /S /P How To Supervise Your Building Project. - Properties - Nigeria - Nairaland /K 116 /K 20 /Parent 8 0 R /Parent 3 0 R endobj >> Where you store your materials is also important. 8 0 obj /Pg 18 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) 154 0 obj /Pg 17 0 R /K 12 /Contents 381 0 R /K 9 /Outlines 3 0 R /TT2 356 0 R >> endobj << /Parent 9 0 R /P 456 0 R endobj >> /Length 928 >> /Pg 20 0 R /P 462 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /K 15 endobj 235 0 obj endobj /K 13 238 0 obj /S /P /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) << 191 0 obj /K 24 218 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) << Lastly, in addition to the architects professional fee, he is also entitled to reimbursable expenses. endobj endobj >> /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /Lang (EN-US) >> /P 465 0 R /S /P endobj endobj /Tabs /S endobj The calculations in this post were done using the 1996 condition of engagement for architects which is still commonly used today. 277 0 obj The core function of a builder in any construction project is Building Production Management. >> endobj 173 0 obj 70 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R 270 0 obj
K8\Bk4q/8Ql[gk_]GHi$q
/i~$GFVpwbuSPY5?,j~6>I(I'GovHK5CC. 190 0 obj endobj /S /P /Pg 24 0 R /P 10 0 R /Type /Pages /Lang (EN-GB) /Contents 377 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /P 408 0 R To determine the effects of these trends as it affect the society To identify the causes of trends and how it . 0000000696 00000 n
Work Supervision includes several aspects: To design a format that is obtained in hard copy paper is composed of A3 and A4 as an attachment to adjust the selection of the selected design package. 49 0 obj /K 2 312 0 obj 119 0 obj /S /P endobj << /P 429 0 R March 7, 2018 >> Take the total and that is your total professional fee. /S /P endobj /P 471 0 R /Pg 24 0 R /S /P /Rotate 0 You may seek the services of a professional estimator, hence may save millions or hundred thousands of naira. >> 283 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 20 0 R endobj /Tabs /S endobj /MarkInfo << 57 0 obj /K 10 endobj 200 0 obj /K 45 Also, Repetitive reduction doesnt apply to external works, stage 3 fees (site supervision), or post-contract services of the project. M. Theodorakopoulos, C. Pasquire and P. Fitsilis, (2009), Investigating a new integrated cost management system within lean project delivery, Conference proceeding, COBRA 2009: RICS construction . << endobj endobj /S /LBody /K 12 /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /S /P /Pg 20 0 R /Underline /Span 39 0 obj HUMo0W(
/K6PH[C8]eIz)J"UvYgg-L1]fgumf*Tz:i-c3 endobj 2 [45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R] endobj /K 31 /P 10 0 R 201 0 obj << /Resources << /S /Table /S /P /K 1 >> . This will help Architects ascertain their worth in the cause of practice. The results revealed that the percentage of cost overruns ranged from a minimum of 5.56% with 90% project completion, and within 88% of the estimated time limit, to a maximum of 216.08% with merely 5% project completion, and within 8.3% of the estimated time limit. /P 452 0 R 135 0 obj . >> endobj /Type /Page /TT3 356 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) kT8i\yj kq7RD 10J4
"R @[Fm@5b`;/A!q7 /P 453 0 R endobj /S /P endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /Type /Annot /S /Table /Tabs /S 48 0 obj }kdnLjaxjcjb?iuO7$~k%j}+elQG"?TZNH=|OeJG>g}H>[X_^j7+n}64&*\]]7.\O^snFf~ZnripmW]H..GGgtkL7)pvLWR} VGpMl%Tr?z}{qL*BnIIPc|tm*X74jdzO''8!|'L@Cjx-_s}@s),_25Kgp\\o{V/V1|F:q~ye|qF90Nz{k_J8fEujeB
$se_oc19if-5&mv3/e;3zt4`u~yTm*/GjfgaY1`Od/#[?0Ml;Zb#-:f;|>t>cV|:'f%Rcx]b#]k(mzR^ << /K 15 /P 10 0 R :7|iBkKmRP>7/B*Vn/W /K 5 /P 481 0 R << /Parent 8 0 R The objectives to achieve this aim included, examining the concept of supervision in building construction sites, identifying and examining factors that affects supervision . /Pg 21 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) Building work is not always as smooth sailing as some people will make you believe. >> /P 456 0 R 81 0 obj >> %%EOF
/Lang (EN-GB) 38 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) endobj endobj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 1 25% (Nominal site supervision) - Stage 3; . It on us lies on architectural bodies such as Archon and NIA to wake up and protect the interest of practicing architect in Nigeria. /ColorSpace << /K 18 /P 471 0 R /Pg 20 0 R << 125 0 R] /Lang (EN-GB) << endobj /S /LBody << /S /GoTo Document project 1[1046].docx - 1.0 INTRODUCTION This << endobj /K 79 /Pg 24 0 R /K 15 0000001101 00000 n
157 0 obj /Pg 21 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) It is not an absolute amount. /Diagram /Figure endobj /S /P endobj /K 2 /Pg 18 0 R 288 0 obj 0000003817 00000 n
/Pg 15 0 R endobj /Type /Catalog >> 151 0 obj /TT1 359 0 R >> /Lang (EN-GB) endobj /Lang (EN-US) << /TT0 363 0 R endobj /P 453 0 R /Pg 20 0 R <>
/ParentTree 11 0 R /Pg 24 0 R However, getting a building constructed can be very easy if you dedicate enough time to your project and follow the necessary steps to completion of your project, with proper coordination of the personnels involved. /Pg 17 0 R /K 35 /S /P endobj /S /P /Pg 24 0 R /Pg 20 0 R 300 0 obj 284 0 obj /P 455 0 R endobj >> AJOL and the millions of African and international researchers who rely on our free services are deeply grateful for your contribution. endobj Required fields are marked *. endobj >> Hiring a construction manager costs an average of $29,142, or between $2,780 and $58,354. /Length 759 240 0 obj null 324 0 R null null null 325 0 R null null null 326 0 R /Pg 20 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-US) /P 10 0 R 39 0 obj
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/Pg 17 0 R endobj >> >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Rotate 0 /Lang (EN-US) /Lang (EN-GB) << The breakdown of the sample architects fee given earlier in stages of payment will be as follows. >> >> Lekki, Lagos State, Nigeria. Get a capable and reputable contractor. /S /P 17 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) When your contractor is offering you a deal that is too sweet and too generous to your purse, then you may be heading for disaster. /Lang (EN-GB) The Federal Lighter Terminal has 1670 meters and four berths operated by Intels. >> /TT3 359 0 R << /Pg 20 0 R << /Lang (EN-GB) 309 0 obj << << /Bibliography /BibEntry 192 0 obj >> /P 426 0 R Nevertheless, the proportion of the above total fee payable to the architect is determined by the amount of work done. /K 0 /Lang (EN-GB) << /Parent 9 0 R 343 0 obj endobj /P 454 0 R /S /LBody /K 17 /P 10 0 R << /S /L >> endobj /P 469 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) >> >> /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) 436 0 R 437 0 R 438 0 R 439 0 R 440 0 R 441 0 R 442 0 R 443 0 R 444 0 R] /Subtype /Link Copyright:Copyright is transferred to the author(s) when an article is accepted for publication. 50 0 obj endobj << /K 3 >> endobj /K 23 /K 21 /K 16 endobj
/S /LBody /Lang (EN-US) /K 55 20 0 obj 53 0 obj /K 10 186 0 obj << /Lang (EN-GB) >> /Pg 20 0 R >> /K 96 /Tabs /S /K 1 /Pg 20 0 R 317 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) endobj << /Lang (EN-GB) << /S /P >> endobj << /S /P /P 466 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) << >> endobj /P 463 0 R /K 9 << /P 484 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /K 38 /K 8 << endobj >> 165 0 obj endstream /S /LBody >> << /S /P >> /S /Sect /K 3 229 0 obj endobj /Type /Page 179 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R endobj /P 493 0 R << /K 7 << >> 232 0 obj /Lang (EN-GB) /K 3 Overseeing the provision of time and construction costs. /Pg 20 0 R /K 75 /Pg 21 0 R 77 0 obj 104 0 obj /K 32 endobj /S /P /TT7 363 0 R /S /P <> 233 0 obj A $1.53 billion contract was awarded in 2012 to the China Civil Engineering Construction Corporationfor construction of the LagosIbadan segment (156km) of the standard gauge railway by 2016. /Contents 372 0 R null null null 132 0 R null null null 133 0 R null null /K 20 /K 17 << 241 0 obj /S /P 69 0 obj /K 0 /ColorSpace << * Manage the cost of construction projects from pre-contract to post-contract stages. Ehimen..! /P 10 0 R Wages, benefits and other related costs of centralized accounting personnel and employees employed by Managing Agent and assigned to work exclusively or partly at the Managed Premises shall be fairly apportioned and reimbursed, pro rata, by Owners in addition to the Fee and Construction Supervision Fee (each as defined in Section 6). /Lang (EN-GB) z'gBr{3,' 9{X.N3FE\\8l?p
(q1Ed=>6oB# /Lang (EN-US) /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /Type /Page /Lang (EN-US) << /Resources << Once you understand the fee calculation for architects, you can easily apply it to that of the quantity surveyor, structural engineer, mechanical or electrical engineer. Construction was delayed by heavy rains in Spring 2018,and the Nigerian government had to deploy soldiers to protect the railway workers from hoodlums and armed robbers. 33 0 obj << /Lang (EN-GB) /P 452 0 R /P 10 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 14 0 R 311 0 obj /S /P /S /LBody << /K 73 /P 10 0 R /P 430 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /P 471 0 R /D [20 0 R /XYZ 126 396 null] /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) 308 0 obj /S /P 230 0 obj endobj endobj /K 17 endobj /P 471 0 R /ColorSpace << /S /LBody /Pg 20 0 R endobj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 841.92] /K 17 /Lang (EN-US) << endobj /Lang (EN-GB) >> /Pg 20 0 R /K 21 endobj >> /Pg 20 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /P 507 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) /K 112 /P 457 0 R /S /LBody /P 460 0 R Location, project duration, scope of work e.t.c should be considered. >> /Rotate 0 /Contents 376 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) Yes, Sherriff I understand the predicaments of architects. >> 51 0 obj /CS0 [/ICCBased 353 0 R] /Pg 20 0 R /P 10 0 R << /Pg 20 0 R >> /P 383 0 R /S /P /P 450 0 R endobj /StructParents 9 76 0 obj /K 6 Here, architects can choose to charge hourly rates, daily rates or man-month rates. /P 10 0 R /Im3 370 0 R endobj << << 204 0 obj @/Kk!XThC0 endobj << >> AJOL is a non-profit, relying on your support. /K 24 best to minimize errors that result in demolition and unnecessary
<< /S /P /XObject << Centenary City is the largest and most expensive construction project in Nigeria. /StructParents 6 endobj endobj << /Type /Page . Thank you for your detailed presentation. >> /Lang (EN-GB) /Pg 21 0 R Its good to hear from you. /S /P endobj /P 10 0 R endobj /Parent 8 0 R << /Rotate 0 /Pg 20 0 R /Pg 20 0 R /P 10 0 R endobj << /Pg 21 0 R /K 111 endobj /Pg 20 0 R /P 463 0 R /S /P >> /P 10 0 R endobj /Lang (EN-GB) << Choices are varied for indoor or outdoor furniture. Officials in Nigeria believe that once Olokola Deep Seaport comes on stream, it will create no less than a million jobs, directly and indirectly, as well as position the South West as a regional economic bloc to beat. /K 46 %PDF-1.4
%
While Adedeji(2010) observed that about sixty (60) per cent of the total housing . /S /P << in Building Process, Real Estate, Real Estate Articles /P 10 0 R /P 467 0 R /S /P 223 0 obj /P 387 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P /Lang (EN-GB) 328 0 obj >> /Type /Page However,this article has helped me to understand these changes better.As I could compare your detailed breakdown and calculations with the revised one. /Contents 378 0 R Claims on transportation, accommodation, printing, computer, office equipment and other incidental expenses incurred on the project. Delay costs FG additional N679b on road projects | The Guardian Nigeria endobj << /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P 180 0 obj 333 0 obj 6JZjwW?\?/^~m(;V[opou
q4c]8?8Nck
p*yr%8a?o1}k5'm. /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 20 0 R 182 0 obj However, you can also learn; The template for professional fee calculation for all building consultants in construction projects is similar. /Company () >> /Lang (EN-US) >> /K 21 LAGOS - PPC Limited, one of Nigeria's leading engineering and infrastructure Development Company, has advised contractors to scale hurdles associated with materials sourcing for their building . /S /P /S /LBody /P 423 0 R /Lang (EN-GB) /S /P << /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 20 0 R When ETC changes in the course of the project, stages 1 & 2 of the architects fees can remain the same, but Stage 3 must be calculated with the TCS.
How Do I Anonymously Report Someone To Immigration, Articles C
How Do I Anonymously Report Someone To Immigration, Articles C