which of the following is a pathogen quizlet

Symptoms: nausea and migraine. 35 Questions Show answers Question 1 10 seconds Q. It acts as an opsonin i.e. 3. 36. 2. Diseases can either be noninfectious (due to genetics and environment) or infectious (due to pathogens). Fungal and parasitic pathogens use pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors that are similar to those of bacterial pathogens. intact skin The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. (b) Period of illness = pathogen is multiplying and reaches it maximum Section: 07.03, People with allergies do not produce IgE. Multiple Choice Cryptococcus neoformans causes a systemic infection primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract; this fungus always grows as a large. in putting on ppe, the first article to put on is the which of the following is not OSHA standard? D Bacteria, What is the common cold's pathogen. Any substance that the white blood cells recognize as foreign is known as what? Which of the following represent epigenetic changes caused by a pathogen that can affect its ability to cause infection in the host? Calculate the outside air temperature. An employee, who has an occupational exposure potential with blood or OPIM, does not need to notify their supervisor as to the existence of an open sore. 36. Infected blood or OPIM may be transmitted through which of the following means? Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen? rheumatic fever Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. possess specific receptors. a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure. C infection. IgG antibodies bind to pathogens, activate the compliment and enhance phagocytosis. Section: 07.05, All autoimmune diseases are caused strictly by environmental factors such as viral infections. D Protozoan, Unit 7: Alcohol, Drugs and Tobacco Awareness, Honors English III Final Exam- Vocab and Rhet, Spanish Exam Speaking Questions and Answers, Dutton's Orthopaedic: Examination, Evaluation and Intervention. (a) How are these toxins similar? systemic lupus erythematosus tonsils and bone marrow, thymus and bone marrow Which pathogen needs a host cell to reproduce? Which of the following best describes the innate nonspecific immune system? Science; Biology; Biology questions and answers; Which of the following is the best storage solution for transporting a sputum sample containing a potential pathogen? A very hot 300 g copper cylinder is dropped into the water, causing the water to boil, with 5.00 g being converted to steam. They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. ten percent bleach used as a cleaning agent should be made fresh every the continous links in the chain of infection in order, source, means if transmission, and susceptible host. Definition. *Neutrophils and macrophages are the main cells involved in the inflammatory response. Access the complete course and earn ASCLS P.A.C.E.-approved continuing education credits by subscribing online. A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _____, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _____, and the impact . Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. False, True *The correct order is: antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form. *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. sebaceous secretions helper T cell Section: 07.02. Certain complement proteins kill foreign microbes by the bacterium becoming most resistant to antibiotic treatments, such as penicillin, is known as what? Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. True As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). what is the function of human lymphatic system? *Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and T lymphocytes travel to the thymus to mature. B Measles False, True True What is the intensity of this light? a targeted and highly specific response to a single pathogen or molecule. Section: 07.04 C. degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen HBV is known to have survived in dried blood for up to ____ days and pose a serious risk of exposure during that time. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Bloodborne diseases are most commonly spread through mother-to-child transmission, unprotected sex, and:, Which of the following describes proper use of PPE to safeguard against exposure to bloodborne pathogens?, If you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen while at work, your employer must offer you post-exposure evaluation and . Section: 07.05, Which autoimmune disease is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves? (c) What initiates the period of decline? A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? *The four signs of inflammation are redness, heat, swelling, and pain. - 12838571. alexis1713 alexis1713 06/18/2019 Health Middle School answered Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? B Virus Consider an airplane flying at a pressure altitude of 33,500 ft and a density altitude of 32,000 ft. False 3. Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. Which type of isolation requires the following: keep the patient in a separate room with the door closed; all staff wear protective gowns, masks, and gloves; and . B Fungi Which of the following is not one of the functions of the lymphatic system? Small parasitic worms that attack specific tissues or organs are known as what? *The Mantoux skin test uses the delayed allergic response to indicate exposure to tuberculosis. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. (b) How do they differ? Section: 07.03, Phil was exposed to parasitic worms on a recent field trip to the tropics. neutrophils Include a diagram in your explanation. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Make sure that all rats in the study are healthy. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. If it were positive, the site of the test would become hardened and red. Which of the following are most likely to be. *Since viruses are not surrounded by a membrane, the membrane attack complex is ineffective against them. AIDS B. keeps the pie chilled before serving it. 25. *(a) gas-liquid. HCG <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> [8QRP{i?P-%?`ReX}:Tgx Section: 07.02. microorganisms that cause disease varicella zoster is the cause of chickenpox hiv is the causative agent of AIDS Vectors include insects some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the a. urinary tract b. respiratory tract c. colob d. circulatory system c. Colon These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Does the Earth really go around the Sun? to avoid eating a high concentration of mercury, which food should you select, soybeans watered with water from the river, which of the following approaches could help reduce the risk of malaria in a city without introducing new risks to human populations, search for and remove items that could hold accumulated water. B Mumps and measles 3. Which period is the stage of disease during which the patient begins to present general signs and symptoms? perchlorate is released as a gas form rockets but is then dissolved into water in the atmosphere or when it falls to the ground, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? 1 0 obj phagocytosis ______________ include cells from humans, animals, plants, protozoa, fungi, and most algae. Which of the following is not a vaccine recommended for college students? Which of the following is NOT a way for pathogens to enter the body? *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. Which of the following is not a lymphatic organ? If all the words in a sentence are correct, write C after the sentence. "As a student, I am NOT required to receive the Hepatitis B vaccination prior to starting my clinical rotations. *The antigen first binds to the B-cell receptor (BCR) to activate antibody-mediated immunity. bone marrow and thyroid a. the vehicle that carries the pathogen b. a person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen c. a person who has a party for friends and family d. the intermediate resevoir where the pathogen lives A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen eqR)BZZt[A 18. These cells provide two types of acquired immunity: 1. She suspects that the bacteriums fimbriae are a virulence factor. possess specific receptors. He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. 1. Approximately how many people are affected by nosocomial infections each year in the United States? C. must list all department personnel by name, A Level UK Politics: Topic 4 - Voting Behavio, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Medical Terminology: Learning Through Practice. acid pH of stomach Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. ", "According the Centers for Disease Control, how many people living in the United States suffer from chronic HBV? They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. Multiple Choice. It is one of the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea and the most common cause of foodborne-related hospitalizations and deaths. all of the following may contribute to urinary tract infections except? 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. Eleanor Noss Whitney, Ellie Whitney, Frances Sizer, DIET200 Chapter 4: Digestion and Absorption. thymus and bone marrow 1. they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? __ escribo correos a mi mejor amigo. a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? Section: 07.04. B Chicken Pox 100% (2 ratings) 8) e) Mannose-binding lectin because this protein plays a very crucial role in the activation of the complementation pathway called the lectin pathway. Myasthenia gravis Rhino virus True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. In July 2015, a report1 was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. 20. antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. Each line of The tile will have the following form: For example, suppose that the file contains the following lines: The output of the program should have the following appearance: Have the program obtain the file name from the command line. A Cold and flu True Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. endobj *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Kochs postulates? Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? B-cell mediated. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. D. Giardia. IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. - the virulence factors are: aflatoxin & gliotoxin When stung by a bee, Jackie goes into anaphylactic shock. Undifferentiated B-cells remain as memory cells. True or False 3. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates? is part of the inflammatory response. hepatitis Find P(X = k) for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3. How often is bloodborne pathogens training required? 4 0 obj neutral, passive for which type of hepatitis is there no vaccine available? They are both forms of active immunity. The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. 7zP$>O Zcm62b* . *Anything that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body is called an antigen. True The adaptive immune response includes: humoral immune response, cell-mediated immune response BCR OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 4: The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Inactivate the gene so that fimbriae are no longer produced. It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. What does this evidence tell you about this chemical? A Mononucleosis In Model 1 a pathogen (virus, bacteria, foreign protein, parasite) has entered the bloodstream of an individual. (a) How are these toxins similar? Healthcare providers that use the sinks could also pick up the pathogen and transmit the bacterium to patients as well. Try it now. they are lost as we age. Where does the lymphatic system empty into the cardiovascular system? Which of the following is not a bloodborne pathogen? IgM Who is covered by the bloodborne pathogen standard? B Bacteria Immunity produced by the injection of gamma globulin is known as what? Section: 07.02. all of the following are common viginal infections except? ", "The use of gloves does not eliminate the need for proper and regular hand washing. Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? immediate allergic innate Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? Lymph capillaries drain directly into the right lymphatic duct. causing them to burst. Hepatitis B c. HIV d. E.coli Definition a. does Chronic fatigue syndrome have a cure? (proficiency; vagrancy). )IAjBhX3d_FXLM5[7w ;crmYzw=4+7+ts37m?FW`4Tm*;`BGAQx ."VE1 An infection is an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause disease. complimentary What do "having the measles" and being vaccinated against the measles have in common? *IgE antibody levels rise in an parasite infection and would therefore be higher than normal. C Athlete's foot and ringworm (f) gel filtration. (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. How long till Hepatitis B shows symptoms? C Fungus (b) liquid partition. Through a drop of infected blood on healthy skin. produces T and B cells. You have recently identified a new toxin. The bacterium was found on hospital sinks. A) alveolar macrophage - lungs B) microglial cells - brain It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? True it coats the surface of the pathogens to make them easily recognizable View the full answer B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. What are pathogens? Section: 07.02, What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response? active Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? When the immune system fails to recognize its own body tissue and begins to attack it, it is known as what? This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? budding yeast with an elaborate capsule Cryptococcus neoformans causes a systemic infection primarily involving the lungs and central . Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. basophils inflammatory response, inflammatory response IgM IgM Some fungi produce toxins and exoenzymes involved in disease production and capsules that provide protection of phagocytosis. Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. Since some bacteria in a biofilm are not actively growing (or are in exponential, or log, phase), they would not be affected by antibiotics. They activate the complement system which punches holes in the invading pathogen. It is important to understand and follow your employer's policies regarding bloodborne pathogens. In an employer's exposure control plan, s/he is required to include a category called 'exposure determination'. a form of immune deficiency, anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body How can normal flora be a barrier to entry? A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. You have recently identified a new toxin. A biological or physical vehicle that carries an agent to a host describes a what? a part of the membrane attack complex of the complement system ", "Hepatitis C, or HCV, has a high rate of chronic infection with an estimated _________ cases in the United States.". C white blood cells. heat anaphylactic Which of the following is not considered an administrative control to prevent or minimize BBP exposure? eosinophils and neutrophils A healthcare worker not washing his/her hands. produce antibodies. a. pathogens b. nonpathogens c. opportunistic pathogens d. indigenous microflora e. saprophytes: Term. Consider the leg as two rods joined rigidly together at the knee; the axis for the leg is the hip joint. a. IgD On encountering the pathogen, B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies into our blood. Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. ##Qmv&,! Section: 07.01. Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. 10. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? 12. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 1: Microorganisms & the Chain of Infection Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Suppose X is Poisson distributed with parameter =2.\lambda=2.=2. *The RhoGAM shot is an example of passive immunity. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronically inflamed joints. How much to the bowl? *In active immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens and in passive immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. IgA antibodies prevent pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells in the digestive and respiratory tract. a. tonsils and thymus True IgD -Cough etiquette The virus infected the gorillas and chimpanzees, but only the chimpanzees got sick since the virus is not a pathogen to gorillas. In each of the following sentences, cross out any incorrect word and write the correct word above it. Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. Two periods of acute disease are the periods of illness and period of decline. In this context, this means a protein produced by plasma cells that attacks pathogens She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. *The inflammatory response occurs after the pathogen has entered the body. 35. (b) Would the toxin be able to cause diarrhea? Which of the following is the most likely explanation? Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? The EPS protects the bacteria from the host's immune response. Nosocomial diseases are acquired from hospital settings. 27. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. IgE antibodies are responsible for the immediate allergic response and protection against parasitic worms. who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? (c) The number of pathogen particles began to decline/die off. 2 Q One-celled plants and animals are called: unicells. A . The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier. Which of the following are considered Universal Precautions? red blood cells, macrophages Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following molecules: OSHA mandates that all employers are required to provide the Hepatits B vaccination to employees free of charge. Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Introduction to Sports Medicine and Athletic Training, April Lynch, Jerome Kotecki, Karen Vail-Smith, Laura Bonazzoli, Janet L. Hopson, Rebecca J. Donatelle, Tanya R. Littrell. 9. Since fungal infections are of a certain type of microorganism, areas o fhte that can be infected include all but which of the following? Bloodborne Pathogens Answer Key 1. In an infection, a microorganism enters a host and begins to multiply. Definition. PCR They are both forms of an immune deficiency. C. Plasmodium i0g:M&$"w I4EBKLVE^Jqrv>A5N\ What is the most important thing that needs to match between him and the kidney donor? Apply. Universal precautions Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called a. pain We]D!DTJewEj(dd.v,"t?huBwh7Vr5qjazNlAZO;8?&EToAb#xBxjzl?ch"x\}CAASM{Pj\^ViATinfMi\k+>!aOi/_gw]6/U)M~+ 8c Zj-L*c. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. The tiniest and toughest pathogens are what? Kochs postulates are used to determine whether a particular microorganism is a pathogen. IgG Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation? Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brians case. Which of the following viruses lives permanently in the cells and flares up periodically? A) the sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection. degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen, degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes. antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; B cell activated; plasma cells form Proper and regular hand washing is the key to the prevention of the spread of nosocomial infections, "According to the 2011 Tork Report, you come in contact with 300 surfaces every 30 minutes exposing you to ___________ germs! D Protozoa, Which two diseases can be life threatening? If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. The new gorilla brought a virus that infects gorillas without causing disease, but is virulent to chimpanzees. (d) affinity. In July 2015, a report was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called. The body can only be exposed to a pathogen a second time if you do not have a vaccine.