If there is a complication from the surgery, then use T81.89x(A,D,or S). Both have a 0 day global period which means any care after the amputation day is an E/M. All of the above listed CPT codes have a post-operative global period of 90 days. Here is where CPT Assistant provides more insight on what additional procedures may be included in repairing a hammertoe. This code is used is the joint capsule released lies between the tarsal and the toe. There are no more messages in this thread. David J. Freedman, DPM, CPC, Silver Spring, MD, RE: Ciox Medical Records Request (Gerald Newman, DPM). Arthritis of the first metatarsophalanageal joint (MPJ), or hallux rigidus, is the most common arthritic condition in the foot and ankle. 2) CPT 28825-Amputation, toe; interphalangeal joint. The plantar plate is a fibrocartilagenous, cup-shaped, intraarticular plantar covering of the MTPJ whose superior surface is in direct contact with the metatarsal head. Has anybody else had that problem and if so, what was done to correct it to get payment? https://doi.org/10.1177/107110078800900104. But if the carrier is just going to ask for medical notes from the beginning, then why wait for them to ask? A denial of services due to an MUE is a coding denial, not a medical necessity denial. Sutter double-stem silicone implant arthroplasty of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints. The implant may be used as a total or hemi arthroplasty. A weight force of 5kg (F=m x a) equalling 49N was used. 568 0 obj If there is no code available, the only other option is to use the NOC [not otherwise coded] CPT 28999 and submit claim with an operative report, and request peer review for reimbursement consideration. The edges of the metatarsal head is contoured by debridement of all osteophytes in order to restore a spherical head. Policy Aetna considers the following procedures medically necessary for persons with disabling arthritis of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint (hallux rigidus): Fusing the most affected joint or joints is a reliable way to decrease the pain and improve the function of the foot. Teich LJ, Frankel JP, Lipsman S. Silicone hinge replacement arthroplasty. 1987;10(1):839. interphalangeal fusion, partial or total phalangectomy) >Xq(m]3)Ar Uatd=yE#))=\OE&3KslB)vCF7hH(*pb&E-,J]Bd6RoiIW /.#R:rz$0VBMj\DISSq3G%F d~ oTNfxfDPu@MmHR5yyDw
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I do accept Medicare assignment. The higher co-payments above the approved amount are how the insurance companies pay nothing and have shifted costs to the patients. The only code needing a -59 or -XS is CPT 28750. Copyright 2023, Podiatry Management Online - All Rights Reserved, https://www.apmacodingrc.org/cciedits.asp. This means that excision of the phalanges or interphalangeal fusion are just examples of the types of procedures that may correct a hammertoe. Lets start with the CPT definition of CPT 28285 before looking at some references from CPT Assistant that will further clarify what services are included in this code and what may be separately reported. 603 0 obj The implant is considered to be more of a resurfacing rather than a metatarsal head replacement so as not to interfere with the plantar condyles of the metatarsal head. The Nicolle, the Calnam-Nicolle and the Niebauer-Cutter hinged prosthesis had been adapted for LMTPJ arthroplasty. Connie Lee Bills, DPM, Mount Pleasant, MI, I think the discussion is over-generalizing. Modifier usage, as well as payers' acceptance of modifiers 50, 51, 59 and the toe modifiers discussed in . Interpositional free tendon graft for lesser metatarsophalangeal joint arthropathy. I was collecting the lower amount, if the office visit was less than the co-pay. If you are a member and have already registered for member area and forum access, you can log in by clicking here. ANATOMY OF THE PLANTAR PLATE. APMA and AMA should demand a cost of living increase of 5 percent from this health plan and others. Article Myerson MS. Arthroplasty of the second toe. I have never collected more than the fee schedule allowed for the code, so if the co-pay is larger, I dont collect the entire co-pay. These joints are subject to severe repetitive fatigue loading over small articulating surfaces through a wide range of motion. A hammertoe is a deformity where the interphalangeal joint pops up instead of lying flat, giving the toe the shape/appearance of a hammer. Is there a modifier for submitting related charges for necessary services? )n5#VlFu2*T3)S1{wP).} Six of these patients had Freibergs infraction. More bone is excised as required in order to maximize range of motion. Arthrosc Tech. Foot Ankle Int. z Many of the arthroplasty implants are considered experimental/investigational and not covered by the patients policy. A new lesser metatarsophalangeal joint replacement arthroplasty design - in vitro and cadaver studies, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04257-x, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1067-2516(98)80007-0, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-006-0189-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2016.08.008, https://doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19870101-15, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2005.08.005, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2014.12.003, https://doi.org/10.7547/87507315-69-9-556, https://doi.org/10.1177/107110078800900104, https://doi.org/10.7547/87507315-71-5-266, https://doi.org/10.1097/BTF.0000000000000065, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2006.09.006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2011.08.008, https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200509000-00001, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, bmcmusculoskeletaldisorders@biomedcentral.com. This scenario should be included in your next office meeting agenda and documented in your compliance manual. 28112 Ostectomy, complete excision; other metatarsal head (second, third or fourth) 28113 Ostectomy, complete excision; fifth metatarsal head 28114 Ostectomy, complete excision; all metatarsal heads, with partial proximal phalangectomy, excluding first metatarsal (e .g., Clayton type procedure) 28116 Ostectomy, excision of tarsal coalition endobj Epidemiology. Google Scholar. Paul Cadorette. Soft tissue balancing and fibrous tissue surrounding the implant provide the majority of strength to support the joint. https://doi.org/10.7547/87507315-71-5-266. Some will present in their senior years having a long-standing untreated bunion and overlapping second toe that simply wont fit into a shoe. there was still contracture at the 2nd MPJ and a metatarsal capsulotomy and tenotomy was made through a 2nd transverse incision at the joint . It was subjected to 5,000,000cycles in a laboratory under physiological and excessive forces to assess resistance to fatigue failure and wear pattern of the polyethylene liner. A newer implant which acts as a thick rubber cushion or bumper in the joint. Part of Second Metatarsal Shortening Osteotomy. <> CPT 28285: Correction, hammertoe (e.g., interphalangeal fusion, partial or total phalangectomy). We are also getting denied on those codes with basically every non-Medicare plan. Privacy He found it to be successful in older (over age 50years) patients [22]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 22, 424 (2021). Cyclical loading of 5,000,000cycles within physiological forces showed minimal wear of both the metatarsal implant and polyethylene meniscus. Highly-polished Cobalt Chrome articular surface. Each author certifies that he has no commercial associations that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. The cadaveric specimens were utilised as part of specialised foot and ankle training workshops run by the authors; the specimens were obtained through standard procurement processes with all necessary permissions. 1980;19(1):168. This, of course, is not the correct use of the modifiers. Director of Education for mdStrategies. zkan Y, Ozturk A, zdemir R, Aykut S, Yalin N. Interpositional arthroplasty with extensor digitorum brevis tendon in Freiberg's disease: a new surgical technique. 6 - Guide wire placement in the metatarsal). The mobile bearing can rotate 360. PNFF: Participated in the cadaver trials, interpreted the results of the study and participated in the reviewing process. The applied compression force was derived from the amount of deflection of the compression springs. Response: There is no CPT code for this procedure. 12 - Screw implanted in proximal phalanx for the purpose of stability testing). <. Per the OR report: ". A`WK7`1\_z_mZu~Dbj1tRI>J There was a change January 1, 2021 to make the toe amputation codes ZERO day global. Does the global of the first surgery (arthroplasty) stay in place or is it reset by the zero day global for the second surgery (amputation)? . Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. H\n0M:@ M =&gq;];8s5cc)^.Yii&)^O?m6wmS|Lc_K'^c7m6gZ
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Lui TH. The implant is not a substitute for a poorly functioning or unbalanced ray in the forefoot. These implants were subjected to 5 million cycles each at physiological compressive forces of 3N, 4N, 6N and 8N respectively [ 31]. Eight patients reported good or excellent results [30]. I coded it CPT 20550 -LT and CPT 20550 -RT. Are any other practice having issues with United Health Care/Oxford and The Empire Plan when billing for E/M codes? K-wire fixation through any joint in the toe undergoing hammertoe repair including the PIP; the DIP; or the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. The goals of operative treatment are correction of the deformity and rebalancing of the deforming muscle forces. The metallic components are made of titanium with a grid blasted under surface for maximum bony ingrowth. The implants were subjected to 5 million cycles, after which wear damage at the contact surface of each implant was captured by means of photographic imaging and thickness measurements of the meniscus. Joint replacement arthroplasty has been used in the end stages of the disease . In contrast, the three units allow documentation supporting the service's medical necessity. We have had so much trouble with Medicare reimbursement for orthotics in the second half of 2022. The metatarsal component fixation mechanism is unique. Zgonis T, Jolly GP, Kanuck DM. A case report. My HCA surgery center and their coding company has consulted with 3M and Precyse (coding and billing), as well as the AMA regarding the use of the CPT 28293 (correction, hallux valgus [bunion], with or without sesamoidectomy; resection of joint with implant) code. Eight of nine patients reported good or excellent results at a mean follow-up of 23months [30]. To date there is no effective long-term replacement arthroplasty option. The cadaver studies have shown it to require minimal specialized instrumentation with good surgical reproducibility. 2004;94(6):5903. HWYoF~%`.01. 68% associated with fracture of 2nd or 4th metatarsal. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071100718786494. 2) There is no mandate that you record the visit, but you must use audio/video technology. The implant allows for plantar and dorsiflexion with an element of medio-lateral translation and axial rotation. J Foot Ankle Surg. other diagnoses such as. 2005;44(6):4902. J Am Podiatry Assoc. Silicone [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26], metal [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29] and ceramic [30] LMTPJ replacement arthroplasty as well as osteochondral autograft transplantation [6] have been reported with mixed success. Techinques Foot Ankle Surg. However, this is what Anthem Blue Cross wants. Ud:("9;79X}A]2O~V}}VJe In effect, AMA has indicated that CPT 28293 is inappropriate to use unless the diagnosis specifically has the "Hallux valgus or bunion" phrase, and that unlisted procedure code, CPT 28899, should be used for implant arthroplasty of the 1st MPJ for other diagnoses such as hallux limitus, hallux rigidus, or hallux varus. Has anyone experienced this frustration with these carriers? Although it is considered to be a three-component implant, the mobile bearing meniscus clips onto the phalangeal component via a peg which is smaller in diameter from the corresponding phalangeal socket allowing for multidirectional gliding at this interface, thus providing both stability and decreasing the torsional forces. endobj The 2nd TMT joint is approximately 1-2 cm proximal to the 1st TMT joint. Joint-destructive procedures have also been advocated for this severe deformity to include partial or total resection of the second metatarsal head and implant arthroplasty (18, 19). The solution is not for every individual practice to send in appeals letters separately every time they get an individual denial. Contact your sales rep. The site navigation utilizes arrow, enter, escape, and space bar key commands. Any input with this issue would be greatly appreciated. CPT Assistant also clarifies a key procedure that may be coded separately. A resurfacing of both the metatarsal and the phalanx (toe) sides of the joint -a full joint replacement. A patient presented with a left ruptured plantar plate, dorsal contracture with subluxation and ruptured flexor tendons of the second metatarsophalangeal joint. statement and Article T!_5aQ6V@S:@R>$ga|%Q=LGl,*|VX/V}USK6h,V:X? One thing that has changed is that the AMA has loosely applied the term with implants. The hallux had to be disarticulated at the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) in order to accurately test the range of motion of the implanted device with a custom-made measuring tool (Fig. It was found that by using two phalangeal screw sizes, 98% of the adult population was accommodated. How would you code a cuboidectomy? Response: This would be a good time to request a copy of the written responses received from the AMA, 3M and Precyse from your ASC's billing company. The joint closest to our foot is called the proximal interphalangeal joint (or PIP) while the joint furthest from our foot and closer to the ends of the toes is called the distal interphalangeal joint (or DIP). To that end, I would include in the letter of explanation a suggested comparison code of equal work and value. 2nd Metatarsophalangeal Implant | Medical Billing and Coding Forum - AAPC. Dorsal excursion may elicit pain or guarding as one is performing a Lachman-drawer examination of the MTPJ (, A most helpful test to determine plantar plate insufficiency, even in patients with minimal digital contracture, is to perform, Recognition and diagnosis of the inflamed or ruptured plantar plate has eluded physicians for many decades, as some of the presenting signs and symptoms can be misinterpreted as unrelated entities. Have you been billing E/M providing the patient with an evaluation and medical management post amputation? And, that in the course of preparing the site for the implant, the 1st metatarsal-phalangeal joint is remodeled with all the excess bone resected - medial, dorsal, and lateral. 'IZmg;Jh G(+%l_~Y\{k0".z
SCA Wear of contact surfaces post testing after 5,000,000cycles at excessive forces. Lawrence BR, Papier MJ. No measurements were performed hence there was no need to amputate the hallux. PubMed Incidence. 1) You can bill Medicare for an initial E/M encounter (eg. I contacted an orthopedic friend and they are using J3301 and getting paid, but the claims my office submitted with that code are being denied. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders endstream
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5 Hallux disarticulation for application of electro-goniometer). 2008;29(5):48892. L3010 RT KX and L3010 LT KX always got reimbursed until recently. Liao C-Y, Lin AC-C, Lin C-Y, Chao T-K, Lu T-C, Lee H-M. Interpositional arthroplasty with palmaris longus tendon graft for osteonecrosis of the second metatarsal head: a case report. 0 Laparoscopic Excision of a Peritoneal Mass (49203 vs. 49329), CMS vs. CPT: No NCCI Edits for Imaging Guidance During Nerve Blocks, NCCI Edits for CPT 29823: A Return to Normalcy from CMS, Removal of the phalangeal base (CPT 28126), Capsulotomy of the interphalangeal joints (CPT 28272). 2013;34(10):143642. At the final cadaver trial stage when the final product was tested, four cadavers (four toes) were used. Arthrodesis leaves the second MTP joint without any range of motion, and so has the potential to result in altered gait mechanics, transfer metatarsalgia, and adjacent joint degenerative disease. The solution is to fix the problem once and for all and to put an end to abusive payment practices performed by insurance companies. 28291 is only reported for arthroplasty procedures of the first MTPJ, This code is not reported for interphalangeal joint procedures. Ciox is relentless at calling our office and repeatedly sending faxes requesting charts. volume22, Articlenumber:424 (2021) https://doi.org/10.7547/0940590. Some insurance companies have their own criteria for authorization, such as only one injection on a date or only one injection in 6 months or other limitations like that. Problems of the second metatarsophalangeal joint. A maximum of five units can be a bill on the same service date of toe amputation CPT codes 22820, 28825, or 28810. 2 But again, the patient knew these costs before signing the contract. Silicone implant arthroplasty for second metatarsophalangeal joint disorders with and without hallux valgus deformities Foot Ankle . The average plantar flexion was 33.8 and 20.8 pre- and post- implant respectively. CPT 28297. Google Scholar. This procedure stops pain by preventing the surfaces of the big joint of the big toe from rubbing together. Stability of the pre- and post-implanted joints was performed clinically with a drawer test as well as using a custom-made device. \,1gC#V|qgE}tLLGt>dhqzU #
The -78 modifier is defined as the following: UNPLANNED RETURN TO THE OPERATING/PROCEDURE ROOM BY THE SAME PHYSICIAN FOLLOWING INITIAL PROCEDURE FOR A RELATED PROCEDURE DURING THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD (COMPLICATION MODIFIER)) It may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the post-operative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). PubMed Central 28899, should be used. 2007;17(2):735. The LMTPJ dorsiflexion both pre- and post-implant varied widely from 12 52 and 20 41 respectively with an average of 28.5 and 28.9 respectively. Foot Ankle Int. 1979;69(9):55661. endstream
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While hammertoe repairs are routine procedures for podiatrists, not all operative reports for a hammertoe repair read the same because there are different combinations of surgical procedures that may be required to correct the hammertoe, depending on the severity of the deformity. zyyJQo`w;1CvGOOGOOGOOGOOGOOG77G7}Omq|hqL3i'9XS` D
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Radiographs of living subjects were used to measure the medullary diameter of the metatarsal and proximal phalanx. Medial drift of the second toe with subsequent splaying of the second and third toes, coupled with pain at the distal sulcus of the second intermetatarsal space, has led many physicians to conclude that there is neuroma between the second and third metatarsal heads (. 10 - Radiographic appearance of the implant (antero-posterior and lateral views)). endstream
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Podiatry Management 400 Cranberry Ln, West Chester, PA 19380, Copyright 2023, Podiatry Management Online - All Rights Reserved. 1) CPT 28820-Amputation, toe; metatarsophalangeal joint, 2) CPT 28825-Amputation, toe; interphalangeal joint. MAI 3 indicates a value adjudicated by claims processing systems at the date of service level. described a case study using a titanium hemi-implant of the proximal phalanx. Arthroscopic interpositional arthroplasty of the second metatarsophalangeal joint. Cerrato RA. August 2018. Etiology. You append modifier -58 to the subsequent surgery and bill as CPT 11042-58. The capsule is split longitudinally. 1989;1:113. What would be the ultimate resource to refer the administrator to? 9 - Complete lesser metatarsophalangeal replacement in situ). What this last statement indicates is that at the present time, you are not required to be in an area where telemedicine issues required HIPAA-compliant software nor you and your patient in a specific geographic area. Some of their calls even appear on the caller ID as Spam. It is the distal-most and major insertion of the plantar fascia (, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window), on Plantar Plate Repair of the Second Metatarsophalangeal Joint, Surgical Repair of Fifth Digit Deformities, Central Rays: V Osteotomy, DFWO, Condylectomy, Lesser Digital Deformities: Etiology, Procedural Selection, and Arthroplasty, Joint Salvage and Preservation Surgical Techniques for Hallux Limitus, McGlamry's Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery. One case required a custom implant. Currently, there are different kinds of 1 st toe implants. Medicare DMERC B jurisdiction has stopped abruptly allowing and paying for L3010 using RT KX and LT KX. In order to bill for the hallux amputation, CPT 28820 is appended by the -78 modifier. A number of implants of various sizes were manufactured for the purpose of the study. That said, make sure you are 100% sure of the rules regarding that service. J Foot Surg. The aim of this study is to evaluate this novel replacement arthroplasty of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joint in a laboratory setting and cadaver implantation. Are we obligated to do them by our payor contracts? 0d vRC]^J+!&TzVM+M]e9~(_RGGI9trpe"Th# RP3T`hj%{OAeQ The closure left an area open due to soft tissue deficit. The mobile bearing is likewise unique in its attachment to the phalangeal component in that it is a completely rotating platform which allows a certain amount of multidirectional gliding and a wide range of motion. 2,4,10-12 However, concerns discussed in the literature include donor site morbidity and potential insufficiency of the graft material leading to failure. (!|Xa The metatarsal component is then inserted into the metatarsal head and gently impacted in place (Fig. If it is approved, then the carrierwill need to price the unlisted procedure. However, this can further weaken an already inflamed plantar plate and cause it to rupture completely. We certainly can submit electronically. 9jIj;vExz|^%)t>wz4y|e-I9Yu<7xT0& M
|HFPR/;'yMm6'T%Z]FQFZ2uX Z@J9dNEZ*["+X8Vb%SiQGR#(p Hallux disarticulation for application of electro-goniometer. For information on Codingline subscriptions. This procedure uses a small, two-piece implant to cover damaged or missing articular cartilage in the MTP joint, where the base of the great toe meets the foot. 2018;39(11):1290300. which marvel character matches your personality. So, you need to appeal the claim with a cover letter and medical records to show the medical necessity for performing the 4 procedures on the same date of service. Many people who have undergone arthroplasty report . Cracchiolo A III, Kitaoka HB, Leventen EO. Without treatment, they may lead to arthritis or cause the arch of the foot to collapse . 1992;31(6):5904. The collateral ligaments are dissected off the proximal phalanx. I fax or email them an invoice and can honestly say I do not think they have ever paid. My fee for sending them charts is $50 per chart. Foot Ankle Int. 'Yr;\(0Ei(#`a ]pw LUZ[(\p6(p0%i;]Pu el-Tayeby HM. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2011.08.008. J0702 Injection, betamethasone acetate 3 mg and betamethasone sodium phosphate 3 mg, J3301 Injection, triamcinolone acetonide, per 10 mg, J3302 Injection, triamcinolone diacetate, per 5 mg. While you may be hesitant to code CPT 28285 for any deformity described with a term other than hammertoe, we can code CPT 28285 with confidence since we have a reference from the AMA supporting that coding4. This procedure is commonly used to treat hallux rigidus, also called stiff big toe. endstream
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Sgarlato TE. I just received reimbursement for a hallux amputation for a patient I managed while they were admitted to the hospital. Find A Surgeon. In addition, the test apparatus was covered for the duration of testing to prevent any foreign debris from entering the test environment. The body part is . Stay the course. There is poor evidence in supporting resection arthroplasty, excision interpositional arthroplasty, autografts and allografts [13,14,15]. https://doi.org/10.1177/1938640008315348. Previously we reported 28293 when a hemi- or total joint arthroplasty was performed at the first metatarsophalangeal joint but that code was deleted in 2017 and replaced with 28291 Hallux rigidus correction with cheilectomy, debridement and capsular release of the first metatarsophalangeal joint; with implant. So, what exactly is included in CPT 28285 for a hammertoe repair? Scartozzi G, Schram A, Janigian J. Freiberg's infraction of the second metatarsal head with formation of multiple . A screw implanted into the proximal phalanx was used for this purpose (Fig. Website Design by S. Kloos Communications Inc. How can a surgical procedure for a patient with a bone infection pay less than an order from Panera? PubMed In series one, four implants were tested. CPC, COC, CPC-P, COSC, CASCC. This company borders on total harassment. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2014.12.003. Osteochondritis dissecans treated by joint replacement. Payer rules related to modifiers further complicate the claims submission process and increase the challenges faced by the appeals team. a metatarsal . I have received several requests from Ciox asking for patient charts. z The phalangeal fixation is of the screw in type. I cannot find any information of new modifiers or other info needed. Excisional and interpositional arthroplasties using various tissues have and are still being used as the main surgical treatment option [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Total hip replacement for the treatment of severe osteoarthritis. During the evolution of the implant design, 15 cadavers were used over a period of 4years. A metatarsophalangeal joint capsulotomy (CPT 28270)may be coded in addition to CPT 28285 per CPT Assistant if it is performed to treat a separate deformity (e.g., a contracture of the MTP joint)3. If claim denials based on these edits are appealed, MACs may pay UOS in excess of the MUE value if theres adequate documentation of medical necessity of the reported units. The x-rays adhered to the international standard weight bearing protocol of foot x-rays. So the second metatarsal is the long bone of the second toe. If the patient's contract says that the podiatry co-pay is $40, then in my opinion, if the allowed amount is less than $40, the patient still contractually pays $40. Y?3.i(HC_HZlhm"p(PQT!&,0|`P^a ```
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nz?;t8x/l`>}A 1988 Aug;9(1):10-8. doi: 10.1177/107110078800900104. . $"j/Fr Measurements were carried out with a TESAMASTER Standard High Precision Micrometer with Digital Counter reading down to 1 and the water was assessed for polyethylene particles. J Foot Ankle Surg. Male and younger female patients tend to be athletic (runners, weight lifters, baseball catcher, etc.) The amputation code you used is not stated, but for a toe there are two CPT codes: 1) CPT 28820-Amputation, toe; metatarsophalangeal joint. The plantar plate is left intact. Foot. The ASC needs to add codes 28270-59-T1 and 28270-59-T2 [capsulotomy; metatarsophalangeal joint, with or without tenorrhaphy, each joint (separate procedure)]. The joints were stable both pre- and post-operatively. I think a better solution would be that the next person that gets denied for the same problem start a class action lawsuit.